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The
Society for Interdisciplinary Studies
The oldest and most up to date society for
catastrophist information and research: Ancient
History * Geomagnetism * Archaeoastronomy *
Paleontology * Mythology * Astronomy * Geology *
Physics * Evolution * Psychology * Archaeology *
Catastrophism * Biblical Studies * Cosmology
Discovery of and Protection from Catastrophic
Collisions from Outer Space
Ten
of the Most Frequently Asked Questions about Near
Earth Object (NEO) Impacts
- What is an
NEO?
- What size
NEOs are dangerous?
- How many NEOs
exist?
- Who is
searching for NEOs?
- Are any NEOs
predicted to hit the Earth?
- Will asteroid
1997XF11 hit the Earth in 2028 as predicted?
- What is the
risk of impacts?
- How much
warning will we have?
- How can we
protect ourselves?
- What is the
government doing about it?
The
Threat of Impact by Near-Earth Asteroids: Clark R.
Chapman's testimony before Congress "....Fortunately,
unlike many disasters that threaten us about which
we can do little, there are things we can do
about the impact hazard. First, and most important,
we can find out whether or not a mile-wide asteroid
is actually headed toward us. By
sampling the heavens, we can tell that there are at
least 2,000 asteroids of the class that could strike
the Earth which are more than a kilometer across;
that's nearly 2/3rds of a mile across, and well
within our uncertainties of what's big enough to
cripple civilization. Of the 2,000, however, we have
discovered and charted the paths of only about 245,
or 12%. None of them, we have learned, are targeted
towards Earth within the foreseeable future. But any
one of the other 88% -- 1,755 potential killer rocks
out there -- could strike at any time, even this
afternoon, without warning. We simply haven't been
looking hard enough...." See also The
Asteroid-Comet Impact Hazard and Clark
R. Chapman's homepage)
Asteroid
Comet Impact Hazards "The
Earth orbits the Sun in a sort of cosmic shooting
gallery, subject to impacts from comets and
asteroids. It is only fairly recently that we have
come to appreciate that these impacts by asteroids
and comets (often called Near Earth Objects, or NEOs)
pose a significant hazard to life and
property...." Asks the question "Is
it possible for a meteor to strike a commercial
airline and cause it to explode?"
Near
Earth Object Program
NASA's
Asteroid Radar Research
Near
Earth Asteroid Tracking Program
The
Spacewatch Project
Forthcoming
Close Approaches to Earth
A
List of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids
Sky
Coverage Plots
Check for
recent discoveries... or add your own.
Near
Earth Asteroid Rendezvous Mission
Near
Earth Objects Dynamic Site
Comet
Busters
SHIELD:
A Comprehensive Earth Protection System
"The greatest natural threat to the long-term
survivability of mankind is an asteroid or comet
impact with the Earth. Throughout its history, the
Earth has continuously been bombarded by objects
ranging in size from dust particles to comets or
asteroids 10 km >in diameter. Although the
probability of the Earth being hit by a large object
is low, the effects of an impact are so catastrophic
that it is essential to prepare defense against such
a threat. SHIELD is a comprehensive Earth defense
system designed to discover, catalog, calculate the
orbits and impact probability of near-Earth objects
(NEOs) and, to deflect, disperse, or otherwise alter
the orbit of a potential impactor. This study
provides an architectural concept for an overall
system suitable for implementation within the next
10 to 40 years...."
International
Research on Near Earth Objects
".... The hazard posed to humanity by cosmic
impacts is international in character. While
km-sized impactors would cause important, global
perturbations to the Earth's biosphere and climate,
those of somewhat smaller size could also have
serious international consequences, affecting
densely populated coastal areas in several
countries...."
ASTRONET
(Asteroid Tracking, Reconnaissance, and Observation
Network) Dated
site... but good background information with photos
and illustrations.
Photos
of Asteroids and Comets
Comets
Links to dozens of spectacular comet photos.
Asteroid
Images
Meteorite
Images
Hale-Bopp
Photos
Catastrophic
Predictions
Prophecies
from Space "The
15.5-ton Willamette Meteorite, the largest ever
found in the United States, is a messenger from
God, according to the Clackamas Indians, who
revere the metallic rock and call it Tomanowos,
meaning 'The Sky Person.'
"In the
centuries before the white man arrived in America,
the tribe, based in Oregon's Upper Willamette
Valley, received volumes of wisdom and spiritual
teachings from the meteorite which is said to
communicate telepathically. It also forewarned
them of dangers that lay ahead, such as floods and
attacks from enemy tribes.
For years, The Sky
Person has been silent, but recently it has begun to
"speak" again from New York's Museum of
Natural History -- and the Indians have been on the
warpath to get it back to hear what it has to
say.... "
Mass
Extinctions
Mass
Extinctions
"....In the
last 600 million years there were five mass
extinctions. During these events more than half of
the species on Earth died.
"Asteroid
impacts are associated with the two most recent
events. The largest event, about 245 million years
ago, occurred when continental drift brought all the
continents together into a super continent, probably
causing climatic deterioration. No clear cause has
yet been found for the event 365 million years ago.
The oldest mass extinction, at the end of the
Ordovician Period, about 430 million years ago, was
caused by an ice age when glaciers covered Africa,
which was then at the south pole...." See
also Coral
Reefs of Southeastern Wisconsin
Immanuel
Velikovsky
Immanuel
Velikovsky
Many excellent links to Velikovsky and Saturnism
related sites
The
Immanuel Velikovsky Archive includes
Some
Other Unorthodox Catastrophic Scholars, Theories and
Predictions
The
Day That Changed the World "In
the year AD 535 the ancient world suffered a mortal
blow and, at that instance, the painful birth of the
modern world began. Human history took a dramatic
turn when catastrophe struck the Earth, dimming the
sun, cooling the climate and triggering the first
bubonic plague..... Adopting a multidisciplinary
approach to uncover the causes of the Dark Age, Keys
has put forward compelling arguments for a major
global catastrophe in the 6th century AD...."
ISIS:
The Home of Chronological Research "the
only scholarly organization specifically established
to study the chronology of ancient times. Many
seminal papers on the New Chronology have first
appeared in the Journal of the Ancient Chronology
Forum (JACF), published by ISIS. The Institute's
multidisciplinary approach - combining archaeology,
textual analysis and scientific dating techniques -
is already revealing new and fascinating insights
into the history of the ancient world...."
Donald
W. Patten
Hanns
Hφrbiger
Ignatius
Donnelly
Paul
Laviolette
Richard
Petersen
Tom
Van Flandern
Zecharia
Sitchin
Other
unorthodox catastrophism
Volcanoes

Volcano World "The
Web's Premier Source of Volcano Information" Includes
Largest
Eruptions in Last 10,000 Years
How
Volcanoes Work
over 250
photos
Dance
of the Planets 1 - The Earth
".... puts forth a new scenario detailing
recent planetary chaos in the solar system. The
Velikovsky/Angiras (V/A) scenario postulates a long
series of close interactions between Venus, Mars and
the Earth, which profoundly affected mankind for
about 3000 years, beginning at the Early Bronze Age
I. It represents the fruition of Velikovsky's work,
presented in Worlds in Collision, providing a
completely new picture of the ancient world at a
very appropriate juncture in modern history - the
new millennium. Although there is considerable
evidence of these encounters on the Earth and the
planets, the primary source of this detail in our
scenario comes from ancient myths. In them, the
number of encounters, and the floods, earthquakes
and thunderbolts that marked each, are clearly
spelled out with a detail that could never be
determined by examining the physical evidence
remaining today....."
Smithsonian
Institution's Global Volcanism Program
U.S.
Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program
"Reducing
the risk from volcano hazards"
NASA
EOS IDS Volcanology
A Global Assessment of Active Volcanism, Volcanic
Hazards, and Volcanic Inputs to the Atmosphere from
the Earth Observing System.
Terrestrial
Volcanoes "....On
August 24, A.D. 79, Vesuvius Volcano suddenly
exploded and destroyed the Roman cities of Pompeii
and Herculaneum. Although Vesuvius had shown
stir-rings of life when a succession of earthquakes
in A.D. 63 caused some damage, it had been literally
quiet for hundreds of years and was considered
"extinct." Its surface and crater were
green and covered with vegetation, so the eruption
was totally unexpected. Yet in a few hours, hot
volcanic ash and dust buried the two cities so
thoroughly that their ruins were not uncovered for
nearly 1,700 years, when the discovery of an outer
wall in 1748 started a period of modern archeology.
Vesuvius has continued its activity intermittently
ever since A.D 79 with numerous minor eruptions and
several major eruptions occurring in 1631, 1794,
1872, 1906 and in 1944 in the midst of the Italian
campaign of World War II.
"In the United
States on March 27, 1980, Mount St. Helens Volcano
in the Cascade Range, southwestern Washington,
reawakened after more than a century of dormancy and
provided a dramatic and tragic reminder that there
are active volcanoes in the "lower 48"
States as well as in Hawaii and Alaska.The
catastrophic eruption of Mount St. Helens on May 18,
1980, and related mudflows and flooding caused
significant loss of life (57 dead or missing) and
property damage over $1.2 billion). Mount St. Helens
is expected to remain intermittently active for
months or years, possibly even decades...."
CLICK
HERE for more of the story.
Solar
and Lunar Triggers on Earthquakes and Volcanic
Eruptions "....the
subject of plate tectonics, more commonly known as
continental drift, was discussed to some extent.
That discussion brought forth the understanding that
electrostatic forces are at work in producing the
tectonic plates' dynamics. These electrostatic
forces result from particle flow along Field lines
with the descending limbs interacting with plate
boundaries. Further confirmation of this
understanding can be found in studies that correlate
solar activity, and lunar phases and cycles with the
triggering of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
"One fact that
calls for new perspectives on plate tectonics is
that earthquakes are correlated with solar activity.
Solar activity, as indicated by sunspots, solar
flares, radio noise, and solar-induced geomagnetic
activity, plays a significant role. A maximum of
earthquakes occurs at times of moderately high and
fluctuating solar activity, particularly solar
flares. Strong earthquakes take place when the Earth
crosses the central meridian of the Sun, and this
understanding has been used to successfully predict
some quakes. Moreover, the Sun's retrograde motion
is linked to earthquakes and other geophysical
phenomena, including climate and volcanic activity.
These facts alone indicate that the solar-FEM
linkage and electrostatic forces are involved in
earthquake occurrence....."
An
Unorthodox Explanation for Cratering on the Planets
"....Ever since the earliest investigations of
craters, there has been controversies surrounding
their origin. Investigations of numerous craters in
the first half of the 20th Century brought about the
unwarranted tendency to interpret craters of
internal origin (geoblemes), as those which resulted
from impacts (astroblemes). In fact, internally
produced, volcanic-like explosions were originally
referred to as cryptoexplosions (below-ground
explosions), but now all craters are referred to in
this way. Another factor that encouraged the
interpretation of craters as impact phenomena is the
belief that there was an era of bombardment in the
formation of the planets. However, with the new
hydrogen fusion model of the planets, there is an
energy source to produce cratering as the result of
an internal process. Evidence supporting the theory
that many craters are internally produced is quite
substantial, but almost completely ignored...."
Publications
Chronology
and Catastrophism Review
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